moment/docs/CONTRIBUTING.md
2022-01-23 22:22:33 +01:00

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# Contributing
- [Issues](#issues)
- [Pull Requests](#pull-requests)
- [Procedure](#procedure)
- [Commit Guidelines](#commit-guidelines)
- [Coding Conventions](#coding-conventions)
- [General](#general)
- [Python](#python)
- [QML](#qml)
- [C++](#c)
- [Resources](#resources)
- [Packaging](#packaging)
## Issues
[Issues](https://gitlab.com/mx-moment/moment/-/issues) on GitLab should be used to
ask questions, report problems, request new features,
or discuss potential changes before creating pull requests.
We also pay attention to [Mirage issues on GitHub](https://github.com/mirukana/mirage/issues).
Before opening new issues, please search for any already open or closed
issue related to your problem, in order to prevent duplicates.
You can also join us in the
[#moment-client:matrix.org](https://matrix.to/#/%23moment-client:matrix.org)
room for questions and discussions.
## Pull Requests
For changes outside of simple bug/typo/formatting fixes, it is strongly
recommended to first discuss your ideas in a related issue or in
[#moment-client:matrix.org](https://matrix.to/#/%23moment-client:matrix.org).
New changes are merged to the
[`dev` branch](https://gitlab.com/mx-moment/moment/-/tree/dev) first.
Once a new version of the application is released,
the current `dev` is merged into the main `main` branch.
By sending your changes, you agree to license them under the LGPL 3.0 or later.
### Procedure
Start by forking the main repository from GitLab, then
clone your fork and switch to a new branch based on `dev`, in which
you will make your changes:
```sh
git clone --recursive https://gitlab.com/yourUsername/moment
cd moment
git remote add upstream https://gitlab.com/mx-moment/moment
git fetch upstream
git checkout upstream/dev
git branch example-branch-name
git checkout example-branch-name
```
Test and commit your changes according to the
[commit guidelines](#commit-guidelines), and `git push` to your fork's repo.
You will then be able to make a pull request by going
to the [main repo](https://gitlab.com/mx-moment/moment).
Once your pull request is merged, you can update `dev`, and delete your
GitLab and local branch:
```sh
git fetch upstream
git checkout upstream/dev
git push -d origin example-branch-name
git branch -d example-branch-name
```
Make sure `dev` is up-to-date before creating new branches based on it.
## Commit Guidelines
Commit messages should be made in this form:
```
Title, a short summary of the changes
The body, a more detailed summary needed depending on the changes.
Explain the goal of the code, how to reproduce the bug it solves
(if this is a bug fix), any special reasoning behind the
implementation or side-effects.
```
- Write informative titles, e.g.
`TextField: fix copying selected text by Ctrl+C` instead of
`fix field bug`
(assuming `TextField` was the name of the component affected by the bug)
- Write the title in imperative form and without a period at the end,
e.g. `Fix thing` instead of `Fixed thing` or `Fixes thing.`
- The title must not exceed 50 characters
- A blank line is required between the first line summary and detailed
body, if there is one
- Lines of the body must not exceed 72 characters
- Split independent changes into separate commits,
don't combine fixes for different problems or add multiple systems forming a
complex feature all at once
- Every commit should be able to build and run the application without
obvious crashes or tracebacks
- Check for linter errors before committing by running `make test` in the
repository's root. The test tools can be installed with
`pip3 install --user -Ur requirements-dev.txt`.
- For changes that aren't yet merged in a branch of the main repo,
prefer amending or editing previous commits via git interactive rebase,
rather than adding new "fix this" commits.
This helps keeping the history clean.
## Coding Conventions
### General
- Use four space indentations, no tabs
- Use double quotes for strings, unless single quotes would avoid having to
escape double quotes in the text
- Keep lines under 80 columns, the only exception for this is long URL links
that can't be broken in multiple parts
- Keep lines free from any trailing whitespace
- Function definitions, calls, list/dict/etc not fitting in
one line follow this format (notice the trailing comma on the last element):
```python3
long_function_call(
long_argument_1, long_argument_1, long_argument_3, long_argument_4,
)
very_long_list_def = [
"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit",
"Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus",
"Mus donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque",
]
```
- When creating new files, don't forget the copyright and license
header you see in other files of the same language.
### Python
- All functions, class attributes or top-level variables should have type hints
- Separate all top-level classes and functions by two blank lines.
For classes with many long methods, separate those methodes by two blank
lines too.
- Readability is important. Vertically-align consecutive lines of assignments,
function definition arguments, dictionaries and inline comments:
```python3
# Bad:
num: int = 1 # A comment
args: List[str] = ["a", "b"] # Another comment
def func(
self,
example_argument: int = 300, # Comment
other: str = "Sample text", # Other comment
some_floats: Tuple[float, float, float] = (4.2, 1.1, 9.8),
) -> None:
pass
# Good:
num: int = 1 # A comment
args: List[str] = ["a", "b"] # Another comment
def func(
self,
example_arg: int = 300, # Comment
other: str = "Sample text", # Other comment
some_floats: Tuple[float, float] = (4.2, 9.8),
) -> None:
pass
```
If this is annoying, consider getting a plugin for your editor to automate it
(e.g. [EasyAlign](https://github.com/junegunn/vim-easy-align) for vim).
- Use f-strings as long as the readability isn't impacted.
For more complex string formatting, use the shorter `%` syntax when features
special to `str.format()` aren't needed.
- Otherwise, follow the
[PEP-8 standard](https://www.python.org/dev/peps/pep-0008/)
### QML
- Don't add trailing semicolons to lines
- If an object has more than one property, always keep each property on their
own line:
```qml
Rectangle { x: 10; width: 100; height: width; color: "black" } // Bad!
Rectangle { // Good
x: 10
width: 100
height: width
color: "black"
}
```
- When creating new files, the `id` for the root component should always
be `root`
- When writing new code, refer to parent object properties explicitely, e.g.
`parent.prop_name` or `someId.prop_name` instead of just `<prop_name>`
- Don't use [States](https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qml-qtquick-state.html),
the Rectangle in the description's example could simply be written like this:
```qml
Rectangle {
width: 100
height: 100
color: mouseArea.containsPress ? "red" : "black"
MouseArea {
id: mouseArea
anchors.fill: parent
}
}
```
- Otherwise, follow the
[QML Coding Conventions](https://doc.qt.io/qt-5/qml-codingconventions.html)
### C++
- Add C++ only if it can't easily be done in QML or Python;
or if doing it in Python requires adding a dependency while a
similar feature is already provided by Qt, feature that just needs to be
exposed with some wrapper code
([example](https://github.com/mirukana/mirage/blob/v0.6.4/src/utils.h#L31)).
- Be explicit, always use `this->` to refer to methods and class attributes
- Don't split modules between `.h` and `.cpp` files, this creates unnecessary
code repetition and has no benefits when most methods will
contain very few lines and the module is only included once before
starting the GUI.
## Resources
Resources include background images, icons or sounds.
New resources must have a permissive license that does not require attribution.
Built-in icons must be in the SVG format. The majority of icons used in the
application come from [iconmonstr](https://iconmonstr.com).
When possible without any noticable quality loss, reduce the size of
resources and strip any metadata by using tools such as:
- `svgcleaner --allow-bigger-file --indent 4 <file> <output>` for SVG images
- `pngquant --force --speed=1 --strip <file> <output>` for PNG images
- `jpegoptim --quality 80 --strip-all <file>` for JPEG images
## Packaging
If a new package for a distribution or any other easy way
of installing the application exists, [pull request](#pull-requests) for
adding instructions to the [INSTALL.md](INSTALL.md) are welcome.
Some suggestions when creating packages:
- Among the dependencies from the `submodules` directory, `hsluv-c` is the
only one that is still needed for building.
The other folders are kept to allow building past versions of the
application, and should be ignored.